Do-it-yourself attached canopy at the dacha. Photos of canopies attached to the house

With the help of canopies, you can protect your home from rain, snow and sun, expand your living space, and shelter your car or other equipment from precipitation. With the many functions that this extension performs, building a canopy with your own hands is more than a doable task even for a beginner!

Shed structures - from extension to construction!

A canopy is a general name for a very large number of different extensions and independent buildings. The designs of canopies are very different - single-slope and double-slope, straight and multi-faceted. And the classification according to the location of structures is even greater:

• attached canopies are erected close to the wall of a house or other building, above the entrance or above an open balcony or veranda. Such structures are easy to carry out after the construction of the house; initially they are not included in the building plan;
• built-in structures are part of the architectural ensemble; they are provided for at the building design stage. Such canopies are most often built over a barbecue area, making it like an extension of the house;
• free-standing sheds are erected away from buildings. Most often, these are built due to the lack of a garage, or for short-term storage of any materials. Free-standing structures are also popular in wide open areas, where they are arranged for people to relax, as an alternative to gazebos.

A variety of materials are used for canopies, both to create the supporting structure itself and for the roof. Traditionally this is wood, polycarbonate, corrugated sheets, metal profiles, reeds. “Living” canopies look very original, the roof of which is completely overgrown with vines, for example, girl’s grapes. The easiest way to do this is that the bars can also be replaced with metal pipes.

Building a canopy with your own hands - where to start?

Let's consider the option of building a free-standing canopy with your own hands, without the involvement of specialists and assistants. To implement the 6*3 m canopy project at the first stage you will need:

• six profile pipes 100*100*4000 mm;
• 13 boards 50*150*6000 mm;
• 15 boards 30*150*6000 mm;
• 2-3 bags of cement;
• 0.2 m 3 crushed stone;
• 0.2 m 3 sand;
• Bulgarian;
• concrete mixer or container for manual mixing of concrete.

Try to make purchases immediately before starting work, since for convenience it is best to store all materials directly at the construction site. After purchasing, we make markings for the supports; we need to create a rectangle, the sides of which are 3 and 6 m. On the six-meter sides we will place three supports, for which we need to dig holes, making them deeper than the soil freezing layer.

The upper ends of the supports must first be prepared for attaching the beams. This is not difficult to do, but you will need a grinder. Using a tool, we cut the ends at the corners by 100 mm and bend two opposite sides inward, forming a place for landing the beam. In the standing sides we make two holes for bolts with which the beams will be securely fastened.

We pour some crushed stone into the prepared holes at the bottom, install the racks and fix them with guy ropes. We align the profiles on a six-meter board, which must be attached to the two outer posts. The middle support can also be placed on the same board. To level the top ends of the posts, measure two meters from the top ends and make appropriate marks. Having stretched the twine between the outer posts, using a liquid level, which must be applied to the horizontally stretched twine, we check the correct location of the supports.

When you're done with one side, move on to the next. Everything needs to be done according to the same algorithm, the only difference between the sides is the different heights of the supports. One of the sides should be 30-50 cm higher for water drainage. When the racks are installed and fixed, start preparing the solution - for 1 part of cement you need 3 parts of sand and 4 parts of crushed stone. Pour the prepared solution into the holes with exposed supports. After letting it harden a little, you should fix the upper ends by placing the boards on the prepared places.

It is advisable to wait until the concrete gains sufficient rigidity; this can take from two weeks to a month.

Don't forget to water it in hot weather, and if frost is approaching, cover the supports at the base with a good layer of soil. It is best to wait for the period required for complete hardening, but if necessary, you can begin the final stage within a few days.

How to make a canopy - let's get down to the rafters and roofing!

When the concrete has hardened properly, it’s time to start working on the rafters and roofing. You will need materials and tools such as:

• metal tiles or polycarbonate or other type of roofing – 18 m2;
• self-tapping screws for metal tiles (160 pcs) or fastenings for other types of roofing;
• 0.5 kg nails (120 mm);
• 10 bolts with nuts (diameter – 10 mm, length – 150 mm);
• fasteners for gutters (20 pcs);
• drain gutters - 6 meters.

How to make a canopy - step by step diagram

Step 1: Installing Beams Between Posts

Timber can be used as beams, but after some time longitudinal cracks may appear in it, which impairs the rigidity of this material. Therefore, it is recommended to use two boards 50*150*6000 mm, which are bolted together.

Step 2: Installing rafters and sheathing

Transverse boards are fixed to the beams at a distance of 75 cm from each other. Across these boards at the edges and in the middle we lay boards with a smaller cross-section to ensure stability in the vertical position. The boards should be fastened to the beams with ordinary nails, since the self-tapping screws break due to vibration, because they are heated during production. After securing the boards, we install the remaining “thirties”, to which we will then screw the metal tiles. The distance between the boards should be equal to or less than the wave width of the roofing material.

Step 3: Laying the roof

When installing metal tiles, you need to attach the bottom sheets first, and then the top ones. If there is excess, it is better to trim it with a grinder or metal scissors. There are special fasteners for this.

Step 4: Spillway

When the roof is ready, it's time to start installing drain gutters. We measure the required length, cut off the excess with a grinder, and, distributing them evenly along the entire length of the canopy, fasten them with self-tapping screws. When all the fasteners are installed, it's time to lay the gutters in them. You can study the same diagram before making a canopy over the garage - this task will differ only in the absence of two racks that will be replaced by the garage wall. Under such a canopy, not only a person, but also a car can easily hide from rain or other precipitation.

Important nuances - what you shouldn’t forget!

You already know how to make a canopy, all you have to do is figure out how to extend its service life. To do this, treat both metal and wooden elements with protective compounds before installation. In the case of metal pipes, these are anti-corrosion primers, and it is important to treat wooden elements with anti-fungal and water-repellent primers. They come in both colorless and tinted, so in addition to their protective function, they will also add visual appeal to the canopy.

After making a canopy, do not forget to pay attention to the floor. There are many options - from a concrete screed to a cushion of gravel or crushed stone. If the canopy is built at the house, then the best option would be wooden flooring. A few sockets and good lighting under the canopy would be helpful. In order not to spend money on unnecessary building materials, plant climbing plants around the canopy, for example, virgin grapes, which can cover a huge area in one season. This is both beautiful and practical, because thanks to the vines you will get good protection from the wind.

How you want to be in the shade and cool when you are at the dacha on a hot summer day. This is one of the reasons why summer residents love making awnings so much. Moreover, this is not at all difficult to do if you approach the construction of a summer canopy competently.

How to make a canopy at the dacha?

Types of summer canopies:

Choosing a design is the main thing that needs to be done before starting construction. Fortunately, the scope for choice is huge. It could be:

Simple visor;

Wide porch;

Spacious terrace;

Cozy gazebo.

Let's consider one of the classifications of canopies according to their location and functionality.

 Shed-extension

They fit snugly against the house, giving them one side. The rest, as a rule, remain open. Such a canopy can serve as a veranda, a patio, and even a living room.

 Self-supporting canopy

This option is a separate building, standing on supports, with or without walls, but always with a roof. Such a building can serve as a gazebo, parking lot or, for example, a wood shed.

 Canopy with straight roof

It is easiest to make such a canopy. This will not require a lot of materials and effort, and you can do it in a few days.

 Canopy with sloped roof

This type of country house building is an excellent shelter from the rain. Therefore, it can be an excellent place for a gazebo.

 Canopy with a complex figured roof

Such canopies look great as canopies. They are very aesthetic, it is pleasant to relax and cool under them.

Now let's talk about the materials from which you can make a canopy roof. The most popular options are:

Plexiglas;

Profiled sheeting;

Polycarbonate;

Metal tiles;

Slate sheets;

Tarpaulin or other thick fabric.

Among the materials that may be needed for the frame:

Brick or stone;

Polycarbonate canopy.

Polycarbonate- a durable and reliable material that remains in its original form even under extreme temperature changes, high humidity, and is resistant to strong winds.

To mount this material you will need self-tapping screws on a rubber washer. It is better to use wooden beams or metal profiles as a frame.

Let's assume that you need a frame on a wooden base, tightly adjacent to the house.

1. Take 5 beams 9*9 cm with a height of 196 cm. Let one be 230 cm. It will be needed for the rear support.

2. Treat the wood with paint and primer.

3. Check out the drawing.

4. Mark the area. Dig holes for the beams, 10 centimeters wider than the beams themselves.

5. When installing the beams, fill the holes with crushed stone, compact them tightly and.

6. Attach a 9 cm by 7 cm beam horizontally to the wall.

7. Connect it to a 230 cm stand. This can be done using a metal corner.

8. Install horizontal cross members between the uprights in front. Make the connection again with metal corners.

9. Well, that's all, the main elements are in place.

10. Take 5 rafters 7 cm * 7 cm. Lay them on the crossbars and secure with self-tapping screws. Use angles to connect the rafters to the beam.

11. Take beams of small cross-section 5 cm * 5 cm and long length.

12. Lay them horizontally on the rafters. Screw them in with self-tapping screws.

A dacha is a country house designed for a pleasant time in nature. I want to spend it usefully and comfortably, so everyone tries to improve their area. In the article we will share practical, original examples of what kind of awnings there are for a dacha, how to arrange a recreation area and a utility block.

Let’s look at the question of what is more profitable: to buy ready-made or to build your own awnings for your dacha; the photos will illustrate creative, inexpensive and ergonomic ideas. We'll tell you which materials are better and easier to build from.

Overview of canopies for summer cottages

For auto

For the porch

For the gazebo

For firewood

Sheds for a dacha are not just needed, but urgently needed; they provide shelter from rain, sun and wind, and you can spend time comfortably in closed structures even in the cold season.

The easiest and most cost-effective way to build a canopy at your dacha with your own hands: frame and fabric roof

The functionality of the buildings is varied:

• car parking;
• entry group;
• roof over barbecue;
• gazebos, pavilions;
• greenhouses, greenhouses, greenhouses;
• pool covers;
• showers;
• structures for firewood and tool storage;
• extensions to a house, garage or bathhouse like a veranda or terrace;
• covered “living” recreation areas, lined with climbing plants and grapes on the sides - pergolas, rotundas, galleries.
• children's playgrounds equipped with a light roof;
• canopy over the well and many others. etc.

Garden awnings made of polycarbonate on a metal profile frame for barbecues - simple, durable, reliable, safe

All garden sheds can be divided into three large groups:

• Open - buildings on vertical supports under a light roof; the perimeter is often surrounded by greenery: bushes, grapes, climbing roses.

A simple garden canopy made from scrap materials and plants

• Semi-closed - the most common type of canopy, a frame structure topped with a roof, with a parapet on the sides, and the openings are closed from bad weather and the sun with thick moisture-resistant curtains, decorative grilles, and soft glazing.

A covered gallery is a universal solution for small areas in front of the house; it can serve as a carport in the country or a place to relax

• Indoor – comfortable, practical. These are stationary awnings for summer cottages, the openings of which are glazed or sheathed with sheet material, for example, polycarbonate.

A semi-closed canopy at the dacha, attached to the main house like a veranda

Design features

Mobile canopy for a shower in the country

Temporary

Let’s start the review with the simplest canopies for the dacha; the designs fully correspond to the dragonfly’s motto: ... “under every bush it had both a table and a house ready.” These are light, summer, mobile products that can be bought in the store:

• swing with canopy;
• mini-gazebos - monoblock with a roof, table, benches;
• awnings;

Awning – convenient for organizing recreation areas

• umbrellas, often complete with a folding table;
• prefabricated tents, on an aluminum or metal-plastic frame, with a tent roof and fabric curtains on the sides; for convenience, some models are equipped with soft windows and a mosquito net.

The tent reliably protects the place of rest from precipitation and sun, can be used as carports in the country, it is important to choose the right size

Temporary structures are convenient because they are easy to unfold, carry, and put away, but not everyone wants to spend time and effort on assembling and installing prefabricated products.

A universal, collapsible canopy for a summer residence, the design can serve as a gazebo, greenhouse, parking lot and cover for a pool

Stationary awnings for summer cottages

More practical owners prefer to install permanent sheds at their dacha; they can be ordered according to an individual project, bought a standard design, or built with your own hands. Such structures include: terraces, verandas, canopies over the entrance, carports, gazebos, greenhouses, summer houses and other outbuildings.

A simple idea on how to make a wooden carport at your dacha with your own hands

What to build a shed from at the dacha

Before you build country sheds with your own hands, you need to complete a construction project, select a site, and decide on dimensions and materials.

Shower in the country on a metal frame, covered with corrugated sheets, the material can be replaced with an awning

The canopy should fit harmoniously into the overall architectural ensemble, not clutter up the site, resonate with the landscape design, and be convenient, reliable and practical.

Canopy at the dacha made of timber and decorative lattice

The most popular materials for self-construction are metal and wood. It’s difficult to say which is cheaper and easier to work with; let’s weigh the pros and cons of each material.

A simple canopy for a well in the country

Wooden

A wooden building is appropriate for any summer cottage; it does not stand out from the concept of natural composition. A wooden canopy at the dacha for relaxation can be built from timber, rounded logs, boards, or tree trunks. This does not require professional skills; you can work with household tools. Depending on the chosen style, the canopy for the dacha is decorated with natural materials - driftwood, stumps, decorative grilles, carvings, figured posts, balusters.

An example of how to make an original shed for firewood at your dacha with your own hands

And even if you brought the material completely free from the forest, the tree does not tolerate dampness well, is susceptible to fungi, rodents, small insects, and rotting, so it must be treated with special protective compounds, and this entails additional financial costs.

How to make a canopy at your dacha with your own hands, photo of a structure made from tree trunks and unedged boards decorated with driftwood

Metal

To build a metal canopy at your dacha with your own hands, you will need welding equipment and skills to work on it. The frame is made of round or profile pipes of different diameters. In order to protect the structure from rust, it should be thoroughly cleaned, primed and painted. You can decorate a metal canopy for a summer residence with stamped forging and openwork grilles, but more often the structure is sewn up with polycarbonate - this is practical, looks easy and does not require a large investment of money.

The simplest buildings to erect with your own hands are single-pitched carports for cars in the countryside made of polycarbonate

Other options

Creative and creative site owners often use available materials: bottles, glass or plastic, rubble stone, rods for wicker structures, straw for awnings at the dacha in ethnic style, PVC pipes, awnings, etc.

The simplest canopy for a summer house made of PVC pipes and shower curtains

Combined buildings look very nice, for example, metal pillars under a polycarbonate roof, lined with decorative stone, this is how you usually build a barbecue shed at your dacha with your own hands. Wood, stone, brick and sculptural concrete combine well; the buildings look very original and add originality to the landscape design.

Photo example of how to make a canopy at your dacha for relaxation

How to build a canopy at your dacha with your own hands

Building a canopy at your dacha with your own hands is quite simple; you need to make a frame and figure out what to cover it with. But in order for the building to last for more than one season, it is necessary to complete a number of important stages during construction.

Base

For large and medium-sized buildings, it is recommended to lay a strip or column foundation. The inside of the area can be paved with paving slabs, stones, a wooden floor, decking, concrete, sprinkled with crushed stone or pebbles. If the site is uneven and located in a swampy area, then a pile foundation should be constructed; for areas with rocky rocks or quicksand soil, it is better to make a slab. To arrange small sheds, you can simply remove the soft layer of soil and place concrete blocks or flat stones under the base.

Canopy to the house, support-beam structure on a columnar base

Roof

The roof can have a wooden rafter system or a metal truss. The easiest way is to build a lean-to canopy with a slope of 12-30 degrees with your own hands. Metal structures are often installed under an arched roof; this is especially true when building a carport in the country, photo below.

Photo of a carport at the dacha; this design will protect vehicles and provide comfortable entry into the house during rainfall

Roofing material can be any:

• awning, moisture-resistant fabric, polyethylene - suitable for temporary structures, should be removed for the winter;

Children's playground with fabric roof

• polycarbonate - easy, fast, reliable, relevant for all types of buildings, transmits light, which is indispensable in shaded areas and for structures adjacent to the house;

The polycarbonate roof lets in enough light while still protecting from the sun

• profiled sheet - simple, profitable, convenient for outbuildings;
• roofing felt and soft tiles are inexpensive, easy to install with your own hands, but require continuous sheathing, which is not always convenient for sheds;
• slate is budget-friendly, time-tested, but heavy and inferior in aesthetics to other materials.

Utilities

Open canopies can be inexpensively and easily made closed by making curtains from awning, moisture-resistant fabric or polyethylene.

Even light curtains will significantly increase the comfort of your stay.

It is better to glue the edges for strength, and use special hooks to secure them to the frame.

This clothespin is suitable for fixing curtains to a metal frame along the lower belt of the truss

For wooden canopies in the country, in order to decorate them with curtains, you can screw holders along the top trim, as shown in the picture below.

Bracket for installing curtains on a wooden frame

A canopy for a summer residence can be ready-made or made by hand, simple or elaborate, but so that it fits harmoniously into the natural landscape and does not stand out from the overall ensemble, decorate it around the perimeter with fresh flowers and plants.

Convenient sliding roof on guides and rollers

Any owner of a country plot of land, coming to his property from a stuffy metropolis, strives to spend as much time as possible in the fresh air, and not in a country house. However, a pleasant pastime is often hampered by the scorching midday sun or light but cold rain. Gazebos and awnings for summer cottages will help you cope with these troubles - it’s not at all difficult to make them yourself, and the resulting conveniences can hardly be overestimated.

Types of canopies

Before you begin making a protective structure, you need to select the appropriate material and design of the canopy. This element of landscape design can stand alone, or be attached to the house, imitating a wide porch or terrace.

The main types of canopies are shown in the table.

Another issue that needs to be addressed is the materials used.

Here are just the most common types of roof coverings:

• corrugated sheets;
• plexiglass;
• polycarbonate;
• slate;
• metal tiles;
• thick textiles.

Wooden awnings for summer cottages are very common: even an inexperienced craftsman can make them with his own hands.

Advice!
In addition to wood, you can use brick, stone or metal pipes to build supports.

Making your own canopies

Polycarbonate construction

This material is considered one of the most modern and is perfect for constructing a protective canopy in the country.

The main advantages of polycarbonate:

• strength;
• durability;
• excellent resistance to cold, heat and precipitation;
• ability to take any geometric shape;
• ease of installation (to secure the sheets, ordinary self-tapping screws equipped with a rubber washer are required).

Using the described plastic sheets, you can protect any area of ​​the site from precipitation. The main thing is to design and build a reliable frame, the material for which can be a wooden beam or a metal profile.

This design looks best right next to the house. Adjacent to the wall, the canopy creates, and the sloping roof allows rainwater to flow down without leaving unpleasant and unsightly puddles on the polycarbonate surface.

The entire manufacturing process can be divided into several stages.

1. For support pillars, take a wooden beam with a cross-section of 90x90 mm (the quantity is determined based on the size of the canopy). Remember that the front supports must be slightly shorter than the back ones to create a bevel.

Note!
To prevent wood rotting, all parts of the canopy must be treated with antiseptic compounds before installation.

1. To ensure that the supports are in the right place, you should make an initial marking of the area. Then, in designated places, it is necessary to dig holes about half a meter deep and 10 cm larger than the cross-section of the timber.
   Concrete pillars for the foundation are cast at this location. You can use special blanks sold in construction supermarkets. It is enough to dig them into the soil, which is then compacted well.
   The support beams will be fixed to the foundation using special brackets or metal corners.
2. Considering that the structure is adjacent to the house, it is necessary to attach a horizontal cross member to the wall of the residential building, which will serve as a support for the rafters and sheathing. The latter are also attached to the crossbar using corners. If you limit yourself to self-tapping screws, the structure may collapse due to insufficient reliability of the connections.
3. A beam of 70x70 mm is suitable for rafters, and no more than 50x50 mm for lathing. You should not use more massive lumber, as this will make the structure heavier.

1. Polycarbonate is attached to the frame using self-tapping screws. It is also advisable to provide a device for water drainage. Very elegant gutters can be purchased at construction supermarkets.

Using corrugated sheets

Galvanized sheets, distinguished by their excellent appearance and painted in various colors, are often used for the construction of canopies that protect personal vehicles from bad weather. Remember that, unlike polycarbonate, this material does not allow sunlight to pass through, so it creates a completely shaded area.

To make the structure more durable, it is better to make the frame from metal blanks. You can stop at four support posts, fastened along the upper edge with beams and sheathing.

The construction process is not much different from the construction of a polycarbonate canopy described above. The only point is that such a structure is rarely adjacent to the house, more often it stands at some distance from it.

Let's look at some small details:

1. As in the previous case, you should mark places for attaching vertical metal posts, onto which a profiled pipe with a cross-section of 40x60 mm will go. The distance between the posts is about 1 meter, but depends on the thickness and weight of the profiled sheet used.
2. In this case, a concrete foundation is required. Crushed stone is poured into a hole up to 60 cm deep, a support is installed and the pit is filled with concrete.

Advice!
While the concrete is curing, do not forget to control the vertical position of the post.
Otherwise, the canopy will come out crooked and may collapse during operation.

1. After the concrete has completely hardened, which takes from 1 to 2 weeks, you can continue working on the construction of the canopy. For horizontal beams, a profile with a section of 50x30 mm is suitable. In this case, it is necessary to use welding, which sometimes becomes a problem for novice craftsmen.
2. The last stage is the installation of the sheathing and installation of corrugated sheets. The best choice is ordinary self-tapping screws.

Fabric awnings

When you don’t want to waste precious time making complex and bulky structures, your choice is a lightweight fabric canopy.

The store sells ready-made frame structures, which include everything you need. You just need to mount it on the wall and enjoy your holiday.

The main advantage is the ability to quickly and without much effort using specially designed levers and mechanisms.

You can make a fabric canopy yourself, in which case its design will not differ much from the options discussed above. Unlike the polycarbonate model, it is possible to purchase brighter and more picturesque textiles that enliven and refresh the appearance of the site.

On a note!
Remember that the fabric must be impregnated with a water-repellent composition, otherwise the first rain will force you to seek shelter in the house.

Conclusion

There are many different models of awnings that can satisfy even the most sophisticated taste. A self-created canopy will become not only protection from the sun, but also a source of pride for the dacha owner.

You can learn more about various canopies and how to make them by watching the video in this article.

Metal sheds are reliable, functional outbuildings, durable, practical, but visually light, fit harmoniously into the landscape of the site, and do not clutter up the natural landscape. In the article we will look at the advantages and disadvantages of metal structures, what is best to build from, we will offer examples of simple projects, and we will tell you how to correctly calculate the dimensions of a building, as well as its individual elements.

We will provide detailed, step-by-step instructions on how to make a lean-to canopy from a metal profile with your own hands; the example drawings were chosen with medium dimensions; if necessary, they can be adjusted to individual conditions.

General characteristics of metal canopies

Metal canopies, a photo diagram of the standard design is given below, can be made with your own hands, even if you are far from building. The construction of the building is simple - these are vertical supports-pillars, a roof truss is attached to them, then the sheathing is installed, then the roof.

Canopies made of metal profiles, the photo shows a general view of the standard design

Application area

Metal canopies are widely popular in private individual as well as commercial construction. These are covered parking lots, stops - shelter for people waiting for public transport, structures above the entrance to the building, according to regulatory regulations their presence is mandatory in houses above 2 floors, canopies over the gate, galleries leading from the gate to the house, outbuildings - shelters for firewood, other utensils, gazebos - from mini structures to combined buildings, sometimes two-story.

Project of a free-standing metal canopy made from a profile

Constructive

Metal canopies can be divided into three types:

• Mini designs - canopies, mobile gazebos, single product - barbecue with a roof.
• Independent free-standing metal buildings.
• Combined - extensions to a garage, house, bathhouse, etc., most often a veranda, terrace - a place to relax, or a shed for utility purposes.

Drawing of a cantilever-beam attached metal canopy for a house

The design of a canopy made of metal structures is made based on the functionality of the building, these can be:

• open buildings consisting of supports and a roof;
• closed buildings, where the sides are covered with sheet material, panels, wood, gratings, glazed, covered with thick curtains, awnings, fabric with special moisture-resistant impregnation, tarpaulin, soft glazing.

Canopy made of metal profiles and soft tiles for firewood

Large metal structure combined with brickwork

Open metal canopies, due to the light weight of the structure, are often installed on the roof of a garage, summer kitchen, or gazebo. This solution is a great opportunity to organize a comfortable seating area with a great view if there is no space on the site for an independent building.

Advantages and disadvantages of metal canopies

Making a canopy with your own hands from metal is a profitable, practical solution; if construction technology is followed and proper care is taken, the building will serve faithfully for several decades.

Metal structures are not afraid of temperature deltas and are resistant to natural physico-chemical, biological, and mechanical loads. But the metal quickly heats up and cools down, this should be taken into account when building canopies for relaxation over the barbecue, so it is better to provide protective elements, for example, make railings in the gazebo, as well as wooden seats.

The main enemy of metal canopies is rust, which can cause significant harm, even destroy the structure in a short period of time. Treatment and protection of the metal elements of the canopy will help to avoid fatal consequences.

Drawing of a metal canopy over the porch

Materials

Metal canopies are divided according to materials of manufacture:

It is more practical and economical to build a canopy from a profile pipe with your own hands. Over time, it can be covered with curtains, glazed, covered with brick, stone, decorated with forging, wooden lattice.

Drawing of a standard cantilever metal canopy over the entrance door

The technical side of the issue - projects, diagrams, drawings, calculations

Analyzing any drawing of a canopy made of a profile pipe, the structure can be represented in two parts: a metal frame and a roof. The base is vertical pillars made of a round pipe or a square profile, along the upper heads of which there is a metal band or a lower chord of the truss. This gives the metal structure rigidity and helps maintain its geometry even under significant loads.

Supports

It is recommended to place the pillars at a distance of 1.5-2 m from each other. If the building is adjacent to a house, garage, bathhouse, etc., then it is advisable to also place support columns near the main building that will support the canopy. If this is not possible, in order to attach the canopy to a house made of metal profiles, you should attach a transverse beam to the load-bearing wall with your own hands, which will serve as a support for the truss. Long anchors are used in the work. The solution will help distribute the loads evenly across the entire load-bearing wall.

Farms

The canopy rafter system bears the main load from precipitation and gusts of wind, so it is important to make the correct calculation of the trusses and determine the thickness of the profile for its manufacture. Sheds made of metal profiles, photo examples below, are installed under a single-, gable- or arched roof.

What canopies you can make from a profile pipe with your own hands, photo examples of different types of roofs

Farms are:

• Triangular, polygonal, parallel, broken - determined by the contour of the belt.
• Inside the belt there can be lattices - triangular, rhombic, oblique and semi-oblique.
• According to the method of support - cantilever, beam, arched, beam-cantilever.

Typical arch trusses for metal canopies

To correctly calculate a truss made from a profile pipe for a canopy, it is necessary to take into account snow and wind loads, the angle of the roof, and the size of the structure. Experts will help you avoid errors in fairly complex engineering calculations, or you should use an online calculator.

For the manufacture of small or medium-sized metal canopies, in private it is better to use ready-made drawings and projects, to make universal trusses that are suitable for all types of structures.

Standard trusses for sheds

The optimal roof slope is 15-25 o, suitable for all types of roofing materials: polycarbonate, corrugated sheets, soft roofing, metal tiles, etc.

Requirements for materials and fastening

In order for a canopy frame made from a profile pipe to meet quality standards, a number of conditions must be met:

• It is unacceptable to use a profile with cracks for the manufacture of units and load-bearing elements of the canopy.
• The end of the supporting ribs must have a roughness of Ra £ 12.5 microns, which is regulated by GOST 2789-73.
• For lower belt trusses, steel without internal layers is used; coarse slag inclusions are strictly prohibited.
• According to GOST section 14771-76, connections should be made by mechanical welding, using carbon dioxide or a mixture of carbon and argon.
• Guided by clauses 2246-70 and 26271-84 of GOST, PP-AN-8 wire is required for welding.
• GOST part 7798-70 states: rafters are attached to vertical supports and rafter parts with bolts of class 5.8.

Diagram with dimensions according to which you can build a standard carport with your own hands from metal

How to make a metal canopy with your own hands - step-by-step instructions

We will make a canopy from metal profiles with our own hands, we took standard drawings, adapted them to the size of the site, the dimensions of the building are 4 * 3 m, the roof is made of polycarbonate 8 mm thick.

Standard scheme according to which we will build a canopy from a metal profile with our own hands, photo of a typical design with an arched roof

Foundation

We fence the area with pegs, pull the rope, mark the location of the pillars, check the geometry, the diagonals must be equal. We remove the top soft layer of soil, dig holes for supports, 700 mm deep.

We fill the bottom with crushed stone and sandstone, layers of 100 ml each, and tamp the pillow. The area can be covered with paving slabs or filled with concrete. For concreting the site, a reinforcing frame is made from corrugated rods, a cell of 100 * 100, 200 * 200 mm, placed on a cushion so that the reinforcement does not touch the bottom by 50 mm, pebbles or ready-made stands should be placed. A sheathing is installed around the perimeter, a 100 mm thick slab is poured with concrete at once, without interruptions. The reinforcement must be immersed on all sides in the solution by 50 mm.

How to concrete a metal pole

We pour concrete at the bottom of the pits, a layer of 100 mm, insert columns from a profile pipe, check the verticals, and fill the solution to ground level. If necessary, we place selections before the concrete has completely hardened in order to maintain the geometry of the canopy frame.

After a week, when the solution gains strength, we cut the pillars to size. We weld the trim along the top ends, this will hold the building together and give it rigidity.

How to weld a truss for a canopy

It is better to make a truss on the ground, then lift it onto a frame. To bend the profile, you can use a special machine or make a rigid template with your own hands, according to which the truss parts will bend. Large stores provide a service for bending metal profiles to standard radii. Trusses should be installed every meter; in our building there are 5 of them. We will need 10 curved parts, as well as a 30*30*2 mm profile for the internal stiffeners.

How to attach a truss to a metal frame with bolts

We cut the truss elements to size and weld the main components of the rafter system. When all the parts are ready, we lift them onto the frame with a crane, then fasten them to the frame with bolts or by welding to a steel gusset. Next, we weld the sheathing from a profile 40*25*2 mm, distance 750 mm.

Treatment

After assembly, we clean the frame with a stiff brush, remove scale, remove signs of corrosion, then go through sandpaper to finally get rid of the lesions and also increase the adhesion of the surfaces. Before painting, to degrease the frame, it should be washed with a rag soaked in solvent; when it has completely evaporated, you can prime it.

The primer will protect the canopy from corrosion and significantly reduce paint consumption. If the paint composition does not have good hiding power, then the primer layer will provide a reliable protective layer and uniform color. For hammer compounds, one coat is sufficient; for coating with conventional paints, it is better to apply primer 2 times. Metal canopies are painted with brushes, rollers, the most advantageous method is spraying from a spray gun, which will significantly speed up the process, reduce paint consumption by one and a half to two times, and provide an even, complete, reliable, aesthetic coating.

Standard hammer effect paint colors

How to attach polycarbonate to a metal canopy frame

For metal canopies it is better to use cellular polycarbonate. Cut with a grinder and a metal disc. Sand the edges with fine abrasive to remove burrs. Polycarbonate can be fixed using thermal washers or using a special profile.

In the first case, holes are made 2 mm larger than the diameter of the mounting leg. A rubber seal is placed on the washer, which prevents dust and moisture from getting inside; the part is inserted into the hole until a characteristic click is heard. Point fastening allows the material to maneuver slightly, which protects the polycarbonate from deformation and cracks during operation of the material when cooling or heating.

Mounting on a thermal washer

The profile connection is more airtight, it is justified when panels need to be joined. The edges sit on thermal washers. Which type of profile to choose depends on the type of roof, so it is selected individually.

Detailed diagram-instructions on how to properly bend and fasten polycarbonate

Subsequently, the sides of the canopy can be covered with blank panels, glazed, curtains hung, or grapes, climbing roses, climbing plants can be planted; when they grow, you will get a beautiful, living gallery.

Be sure to watch how to make a canopy from metal with your own hands; the video explains in detail how to join the main components of the structure, weld the truss, and strengthen the frame. The video explains in detail what errors we encountered in practice, as well as how to eliminate them.