Sunny flower - heliopsis. Heliopsis flower

The historical habitat of the species is the plains of Central and South America. Despite the foreign origin of heliopsis, it can hardly be called exotic in our gardens. Quite the opposite, it’s hard to imagine grandma’s front garden or summer cottage without the towering “golden balls” of this plant. The name Helios opsis is literally translated from Greek as similar to the sun, and it is not for nothing that the always bright golden-yellow balls of inflorescences can rise above the site to a height of up to 160 cm.

The Heliopsis genus includes about 10-15 species of perennial and annual plants and belongs to the Asteraceae or Asteraceae family. Varieties of different heights allow you to find a place in almost every flower bed.

Stems are erect, highly branched. A variety such as rough heliopsis can grow up to 160 cm in height. The popular Variegated heliopsis grows in height up to 90 cm. It gained its popularity due to the unusual white color of the foliage. Other varieties have green, opposite or alternate leaves. The leaf shape is oblong, with jagged edges. The root system is fibrous, powerful, and grows quickly.

The flowers are colored in yellow and orange shades. There are terry and simple baskets collected in paniculate inflorescences. You can admire the flowering from July to November. Faded flowers must be cut off; this will preserve the decorative appearance of the bush and speed up the appearance of new inflorescences. The heliopsis flower is gaining popularity as a plant for Provençal-themed bouquets. After flowering, a flat and bare achene is formed, charcoal, almost black, in color, up to 0.3 cm in length.

Types and varieties

Heliopsis flowers have spread in gardens thanks to selection, which has given inflorescences of various shapes, creating varieties that are resistant to the cold of central Russia and pests. The ancestor of most hybrids is Heliopsis Sunflower.

Heliopsis Burning Hearts

Heliopsis Rough

Heliopsis Rough was bred from Heliopsis Sunflower. It got its name from the hard fibers that cover the stem and leaves of the plant. This species grows up to one and a half meters in height. The leaves are arranged oppositely on short petioles. The inflorescence is yellow in color and reaches a diameter of up to 7 cm.

Heliopsis Rough

Heliopsis Lorraine sunshine

Heliopsis Lorraine Sunshine is an unpretentious variety with a light aroma. A simple inflorescence, a basket, is framed by rounded yellow petals. Peduncles rise to a height of 70-80 cm. A special feature of this variety is the beautiful white color of the leaf plate with green veins.

Heliopsis Lorraine sunshine

Heliopsis Summer Knights

A large variety, reaching a height of 1.2 m. Bred by American breeders. Characterized by dark, almost brown, stems and leaves with a bronze tint. In the center of the inflorescence there is an orange-red core. The flower is simple.

Heliopsis Summer Knights

Heliopsis sunflower

Heliopsis Sunflower is a perennial plant with straight branched stems reaching a height of 100 cm. The leaf blade is solid, oval in shape, with jagged edges, the leaves are arranged oppositely. The inflorescence is golden-yellow, reaching 8-9 cm in diameter, double or semi-double. Blooms profusely all summer.

Heliopsis sunflower

Plant care

Heliopsis flowers are completely unpretentious inhabitants of the garden. To obtain a lush and abundant bush, the plant is periodically pinched. Strongly branched long shoots need support. The plant is fed rarely, once every 3-4 weeks is enough.

Location and lighting

For planting, it is better to initially choose a well-lit place in the garden. In dark areas of the garden, the stems become very elongated and bloom worse. “Golden balls” do not like stagnant moisture, so you need to take care of drainage in advance. The acidity of the soil should be neutral. The flower grows quickly, so when choosing a place, you should take into account the need for regular weeding of the growth.

Watering and soil care

Even a novice gardener can cope with planting and caring for heliopsis. The flower is drought-resistant and does not require additional watering, except at the time of planting. Only in dry summers, for the formation of good inflorescences, it is necessary to water regularly.

You can ensure oxygen access to the roots by loosening the top layers of soil. The soil must be fertile and contain humus, but the plant will also take root in loamy soils.

Top dressing

Fertilizing is carried out once a month with organic or mineral fertilizers. You should not overfeed the plant; this will lead to vigorous growth of the plant’s green mass.

Diseases and pests

The plant is resistant to diseases and pests. In rare cases, it can be affected by powdery mildew. The disease manifests itself as a white coating on the leaves. Treatment with copper sulfate and Fundazol helps combat it. It is recommended to water the soil before wintering. During the growing season, spray the plant with a 0.5% solution of colloidal sulfur.

In dry and arid years, this sunny flower is attacked by aphids. To combat insects, the following drugs are used: Fufanon, Fitoverm, Iskra.

Planting and propagation of plants

Heliopsis is a plant that quickly spreads throughout the garden. Shoots and seeds can independently conquer new territories. In the garden, you can set aside a far corner in the depths of the flowerbed for the plant, since planting and caring for heliopsis is minimal.

Growing

Growing new plants is not a difficult process. Despite the fact that the plant can grow in one place for decades, it is recommended to replant it every 4-6 years. If this is not done, the bush will become very thick and the flowers will be smaller. The distance between young bushes should be at least 40-60 cm.

Reproduction

There are two ways to grow a young plant. By dividing rhizomes and seeds.

Dividing the bush

Heliopsis is a herbaceous plant for open ground in temperate latitudes and tolerates wintering well. Propagation by dividing the rhizome can be done both in autumn and spring. To do this, an overgrown adult (4-5 years old) plant is dug up. The rhizome, cleared of soil, is divided into parts with a sharp, clean knife so that each root has a bud, then planted in a new place. The new planting site is first loosened and fertilized. If the soil is clayey, provide good drainage, water it abundantly, especially in the first weeks after planting, preventing the soil from drying out. Heliopsis planted in this way begins to bloom this year.

Growing from seeds

Fresh seeds produce good quick shoots. They can be planted before winter (October-November) or in spring (March-April). For seedlings, seeds are sown already in February, and the plant can be transplanted into open ground in May. Seeds that are stored for more than a year must undergo stratification. Place them in damp material or soil (a napkin or sand will also work), cover with plastic and place in the refrigerator for 30 days.

You can plant seeds in any nutritious soil, including for indoor flowers. Heliopsis seeds can be immediately planted in separate containers, one seed at a time. When planting seeds in a common box, there must be a distance of at least 5 cm between the seeds, and a planting depth of no more than 1 cm. There must be holes and drainage at the bottom of the containers. You can speed up the germination process by covering the seeds with film. Shoots will appear within 2-3 weeks. Choose a window with good lighting for seedlings.

A month before transplanting the plant into open ground, begin hardening. When exposing seedlings to the open air, remove the film first for an hour, then increase the time.

Preparing for winter

After the end of the growing season, the upper part is cut off at the base and left to overwinter in open ground. The plant easily tolerates frosts in central Russia. Dry shelter is required if the winter is warm and humid. To do this, you can use sawdust, spruce branches and other specialized covering material.

Heliopsis in landscape design

These simple flowers are perfect for a garden in a rustic or Provençal style. They will complement a flower bed with phlox, delphinium and calendula, and create a voluminous sun spot on a green background. You can choose tall varieties for decorating a fence or short ones for flowerpots and the front edge of a flower bed. Varieties with decorative leaf coloring will begin to delight with their grace even before flowering. Having a pleasant smell, heliopsis will attract butterflies and bees to your garden.

Rarely has anyone thought that a fairly simple heliopsis flower, planting and caring for which will not cause difficulties even for novice summer residents, can successfully and harmoniously complement any composition of absolutely all styles of landscape design. And although the bright yellow, sunny flowers of heliopsis are familiar to many, it is not for nothing that this plant is widespread among gardeners. Heliopsis is a stable, unpretentious, and very easy to grow plant; it is worth considering only a few subtleties. Not a flower, but a find, let's get acquainted!

Heliopsis: planting and care, photos of garden compositions

The name of the plant - heliopsis (Heliopsis) consists of two Greek words: helios - sun and opsis - similar. The flower is popularly called sunflower, sunflower or golden balls. There is also a more simplified name - yellow chamomile.

Description, types and varieties

Heliopsis is a herbaceous member of the Asteraceae family native to North and Central America. In total, about 10-15 species of annual and perennial heliopsis are known, which practically do not differ from each other.

Types and varieties of heliopsis

Flower growers prefer heliopsis sunflower (Heliopsis Helianthoides) is a bush with straight, branching, bare stems, up to 1 m high, forming wide clumps. The foliage is opposite, ovate or oval, pointed, serrated along the edge. Yellow flowers - baskets up to 9 cm in diameter, solitary or terminal in panicles. The flowering period is from June to July, and if the faded buds are picked off in a timely manner, it blooms until October, but not so luxuriantly. The fruit is a flat, bare achene.

The rough variety is also popular; in flower shops you will find it under the name rough heliopsis (Heliopsis scabra). It is a powerful, tall (up to 2 m) perennial with strong, woody, branching stems that are rough at the top. The leaves are opposite, elongated, covered with stiff hairs, serrated along the edges. The flowering period begins in the second half of summer and continues until September. Bears fruit.

Most often in gardens you can find the following varieties of heliopsis:

Growing heliopsis

Heliopsis is extremely unpretentious; it easily tolerates heat, drought and frost. All this southern flower needs is good drainage (does not tolerate stagnant water) and a bright, draft-free place. Even with insufficient watering in the heat, heliopsis will survive, but it will bloom later and weaker. It’s the same with growing in the shade - its shoots become longer and the flowers become smaller.

In the first year, the plant does not need fertilizing; everything it needs is added when planting. Next, the heliopsis can be watered with green fertilizer or organic matter about once a month, keep an eye on the plant. In principle, if you constantly mulch the soil with organic matter, additional fertilizers will only do harm, since excessive nutrition will lead to an abundant growth of green mass and an almost complete absence of flowers.

Tall varieties need support. In order for the bush to branch better, you need to regularly pinch the crown, and in order to bloom well, you should tear off the faded buds. The plant tolerates any pruning well. In autumn, the bush is removed at the root.

Heliopsis is a long-liver; it can grow in one place for more than a dozen years, but over time the flower begins to grow greatly, and every 5 years it is necessary to rejuvenate, thin out or replant the bushes.

Heliopsis does not attract the attention of pests and is resistant to diseases; rarely, brown spots or a whitish-gray coating can be found on the lower part of the shoots or on the foliage; the first sign indicates rust damage, and the second indicates powdery mildew disease. Heliopsis grows quickly, so you can remove all affected parts of the bush without pity and burn them.

Planting and propagation

The best time for planting is spring, but according to our observations, it can also be planted in the fall - the survival rate is almost the same. Before planting, it is advisable to feed the soil well with organic matter, and fertilizers can be applied directly into the prepared holes. There is no need to deepen the bush, just cover the roots with soil and water generously. Heliopsis propagates by seeds (control self-seeding) and by dividing the bush; varietal heliopsis propagates by cuttings.

Solar heliopsis in garden design

Heliopsis is very popular. Of course, its bright flowers decorate the garden for quite a long period, while the plant does not require special care and does not cause unnecessary trouble. Heliopsis looks great both in single and group plantings, and goes well with various shrubs, low-growing conifers, flowering perennials (especially blue, blue and purple), cereals and herbs. Tall species can be used as a hedge.

Who would have thought that the simplest flower at first glance could easily solve a wide range of design problems. So we safely recommend growing heliopsis in your garden; planting and caring for it are minimal if you choose a good place. Be sure to give the sunflower a bright corner on your site, you won’t regret it!

In flower beds you can often find lush bushes with bright yellow flowers, over which butterflies and honey insects hover, attracted by the tart aroma. This is a variegated heliopsis, which is a distant relative of the sunflower.

The name of the plant is derived from the Greek words “helios” (sun) and “opsis” (similar). Sometimes these flowers, which came to us from North America, are called sunflowers.

Description and general information about the plant

Heliopsis belongs to herbaceous varieties of plants from the Asteraceae family and can be either annual or perennial, depending on the variety.

Its stems reach 150 cm in height, and the leaves are arranged alternately or oppositely, and have an oblong shape with denticles along the edges. Planted in a flowerbed, heliopsis grows quickly, but its long stems sometimes need gartering, although even under strong gusts of wind they do not break, but simply bend to the ground.

The plant blooms with golden-yellow inflorescences reaching 8-10 cm in diameter. Depending on the variety, these “baskets” can be semi-double, terry or smooth.

In areas with a temperate climate, the flowering period occurs in the last days of June and lasts 70-75 days. And if the autumn is warm, the flowers will remain until the end of October, until the first frost destroys them.

Varieties and varieties of heliopsis with photographs

There are many varieties of heliopsis, the most common of which include the following types:

Sunflower. This plant can be recognized by the bright yellow flowers that literally cover the bush. The structure of the inflorescence can be either double or semi-double, and there are also regular, smooth varieties. This crop blooms almost all summer.
Rough. As the name implies, the stems and leaves of this plant are covered with fibers that are rough and rough to the touch. The flowers are large, sunny yellow.
Lorraine Sunshine. This type of heliopsis can be distinguished from others by its white-green leaves, densely covered with veins, and meter-long stems. The flowers of this culture are simple and daisy-like with convex orange centers and yellow petals.
Summer. This is the most striking representative of the heliopsis; its large flowers really resemble sunflowers, only slightly smaller in size. The inflorescences are densely arranged and persist throughout the summer.
Asahi. Such a bush will be more compact, and the flowers will be medium-sized, with bright petals.
Golden balls. Such a crop is a large sheaf of leaves, with flowers densely located between them. Inflorescences appear in early summer and retain their original appearance until mid-autumn.
Variegated. The bushes of this type of plant are not the largest; the stems reach a length of 90 cm and are covered with foliage with a huge number of veins, which is why it appears almost white. The flowers are large and bright yellow.

Heliopsis sunflower

Any of the listed types of heliopsis will not go unnoticed when planted in a flower bed and will look great both as an independent planting and in combination with other plants.

Plant propagation methods

Heliopsis propagates in two ways: by seeds or by dividing the bush. In the first case, planting material is sown in open ground in the fall, slightly buried in the soil, after which the future flowerbed is covered with dry foliage, which is removed with the onset of spring.

Young crops grown from seeds bloom in the second year of life. In some cases, heliopsis reproduce on their own, and then you should dig up the shoots and plant them in a designated place.

Dividing the bush is done in the spring. To do this, you will need to dig up the root, divide it into several parts so that each of them has 1-2 growth buds. The dried parts are removed, and healthy plants are planted in beds at a distance of 35-40 cm from each other. With this method of propagation, heliopsis will begin to bloom in the first year after planting.

Planting seeds for seedlings and the intricacies of growing seedlings

Heliopsis can be grown through seedlings, i.e. by planting seeds

You can plant heliopsis seeds for seedlings. In this case, planting and caring for the crop will require some effort and a certain amount of time.

You need to do the following:

Fill the container with a mixture of peat and turf soil and moisten the surface.
Scatter the planting material, pressing it slightly into the ground.
Cover the container with transparent film and place it in a windproof room or greenhouse. Periodically, the cover will have to be removed to water the plantings and ventilate them.
When the shoots appear, the film will need to be removed, covering the seedlings only at night if the day was cold.

2 weeks before planting, you will need to start hardening the seedlings by exposing them to fresh air for several hours a day.

Seedlings can be planted in the ground after the temperature becomes stable, and even at night it will be at least 12-14 degrees. Seedlings should be placed on the bed at a distance of 40 to 50 cm, and the row spacing should be 60-70 cm.

After planting, the plants will need to be watered generously for 10 days until they are completely rooted.

Subtleties of planting heliopsis

When planting heliopsis in a permanent habitat in the form of seeds and or seedlings, the following rules must be observed:

Choose dry and sunny places.
Plant flowers in fertile and well-drained soil.
When planting seeds in open ground in the fall, do not do it too early so that they cannot sprout before spring. It is better to navigate according to the weather; in some areas this can be done at the end of September, but in other regions you need to wait until the beginning of November.
When planting seedlings, it is important to maintain a distance between bushes of at least 35 cm so that the growing flowers do not interfere with each other. Since heliopsis is a tall crop, the distance between rows should be at least 50-55 cm.

Heliopsis grows well in well-lit places and does not like stagnant water.

If you properly care for your plantings, you can grow healthy, beautiful and viable flowers that will delight the eye throughout the summer.

Heliopsis care

One of the advantages of heliopsis of any variety is that they are extremely unpretentious and easily adapt to both hot and arid climates and cold weather. However, with insufficient watering, there will be much fewer flowers than with regular addition of moisture.

In addition, it is important to take care to protect the pleasures from drafts, while choosing open and sunny areas for the flower bed.

The roots of the plant need air, and to ensure access to it, you will need to weed, being careful not to damage the crop.

Once every 20-25 days, you need to feed heliopsis with mineral or organic fertilizers, and also trim wilted flowers and dried leaves in a timely manner. In the fall, you will need to cut off the entire green part to ground level.

Heliopsis needs regular feeding

Since heliopsis grows quickly and can live for several decades, after some time it will occupy a significant area in the flowerbed. In this case, you can cope with the problem by carrying out manipulations such as dividing the root and replanting. This is done once every 5-7 years.

Protection from pests and diseases

The beautiful sunny yellow flowers of heliopsis and their succulent leaves may appeal to aphids. To get rid of it, you will need to use systemic insecticides.

Heliopsis is not very susceptible to diseases, but sometimes you can see dark spots on its leaves, which indicates rust, or you can find a white-gray coating, which indicates powdery mildew.

In such a situation, diseased shoots must be cut off and burned, and in order to prevent the development of disease and damage to the plant by fungi, treat heliopsis or. The same can be done for preventive purposes in the spring.

Preparing heliopsis for winter

As mentioned above, heliopsis are unpretentious, hardy and resistant to severe frosts. For this reason, plants do not require any special shelters for the winter.

Heliopsis does not need winter shelter

Heliopsis in landscape design and in combination with other plants

Bright heliopsis flowers will help create the right accents in a flower bed or garden if they are positioned correctly. Often these flowers are used to decorate a farmstead in a rustic style, and the bushes are placed against the background of wicker fences or wooden walls, and are also planted as a hedge.

For those who prefer monochromatic flower beds, you can track down calendula, rudbeckia or string next to this flower. In cases where a contrasting and multi-colored flower bed is planned, you can use sage, speedwell, and other plants.

When cut, heliopsis retains its original appearance for 10 days, and sometimes more, due to which it is actively used when making bouquets. However, despite all the advantages and beauty of this culture, it is not so common. Probably the reason is that there are a lot of “sun-like” flowers, and gardeners do not always choose heliopsis.

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Today we will talk about wonderful beautiful plants that can harmoniously complement any composition of modern landscape design, namely heliopsis. We will tell you how to care for yourself, how to grow these charming perennial plants, how they propagate, plant in open ground, and illustrative photos will actually show you all the charm of heliopsis.

Heliopsis: varieties and varieties

Heliopsis belongs to the Asteraceae family. They grow remarkably well and do not require much attention. Due to their appearance, these perennial plants are also called sunflowers. Their flowers are very bright, rich, resembling the sun. Heliopsis can reach a height of 160 cm. They have branched stems and bright green serrated leaves. Flowers, simple or double, usually have a golden, yellow, or orange hue. The flowering period lasts from June to November.

Heliopsis is a perennial plant with bright “sunny” flowers

Today, the Heliopsis genus contains about 10 species, but the sunflower-shaped one is the most popular in culture. Its stems are straight, the leaves are oval in shape, and the flowers have an excellent golden color.

The most common varieties of heliopsis:

Planting heliopsis in open ground

Growing this amazing plant will not be difficult for you and will not take up your free time. On the contrary, this process will only bring you a lot of pleasure. To plant heliopsis, it is best to choose sunny, open areas with fertile clay soil.

Attention! Be sure to provide the plants with a good drainage system. Heliopsis may die due to stagnant water.

For good growth and development, heliopsis is divided and replanted every 5 years. They tolerate this procedure quite easily. Sunflowers are resistant to cold weather. They begin to fade only with the first frost. The best time to plant plants in open ground is spring.

The main task of the gardener is to choose the best place for planting for heliopsis

Plant care

Perennial heliopsis are unpretentious plants; their cultivation and care do not require any complex manipulations. However, it is worth paying attention to some important points:

Do not water the plant too often; excessive amounts of moisture will only harm it;
tall varieties of heliopsis require garters to supports, since their long stems can be broken by strong winds;
during the flowering period, caring for heliopsis involves periodically removing faded inflorescences, and in late autumn - cutting off the stems;
Don’t forget about loosening and timely weeding the soil around the plants.

To prevent tall varieties from breaking, tie up the bushes

Fertilizer and feeding of heliopsis

If you constantly mulch, you don’t need to apply fertilizers at all. In spring, heliopsis responds well to fertilizing with mineral or green complex fertilizers. This will contribute to a significant increase in green foliage and abundant flowering of plants.

Plant propagation

Heliopsis propagation is carried out by three methods: seeds, rhizome segments and dividing the bush.

Seeds sown in open ground closer to the winter season or at the end of the spring season. Drainage, as well as peat and turf soil are poured into a special container for seedlings. Before planting seeds, the soil is watered with a solution of potassium permanganate. Next, sow the seeds and cover the container with glass.

Advice. To obtain strong and healthy seedlings, do not forget to periodically water and ventilate the container with seedlings.

Caring for seedlings involves storing them in the first week at a temperature of 20 degrees, then (about 2-4 weeks) at a temperature of only 3 degrees. In the 5th week, the container is again placed in a room with an air temperature of 25-30 degrees. When the first leaves appear, the glass is removed, the seedlings dive and continue growing at a temperature of 12-15 degrees. With the onset of warm weather, stronger plants are planted in open ground.

Growing heliopsis from seeds

Reproduction by dividing the bush is held in the spring. The heliopsis bush is carefully dug up and divided into parts, each of which must have at least one bud. Next, the cuttings are planted in the ground, keeping a distance of about 40 cm between them. Such propagation is recommended to be carried out no more than once every five years, so that the plant does not lose its unique decorative properties.

Diseases and pests

The main reasons for the frequent use of heliopsis in landscape design are unpretentiousness, beauty and resistance to various diseases. Only certain plant varieties are not resistant to powdery mildew and rust. The cause of these diseases is most often excessive humidity, and the causative agent is a fungus. For prevention, experts recommend treating plants with copper sulfate or foundationazole.

Heliopsis: combination with other plants

The best neighbors for this sunny and bright plant will be all kinds of perennial crops in blue or purple shades. Heliopsis will make a wonderful combination with bluebells, asters, and cornflowers. In addition, these plants make great combinations with marigolds, phlox, various grasses, etc.

Heliopsis in landscape design

Heliopsis is a desirable plant for autumn mixborders and solitaire plantings. It is better to place it in the background so that it does not cover or heavily shade other crops. It will fill a flowerbed in a rustic style with a special color, and its plantings on an old cart will look quite original and charming. In a word, this is a real godsend for landscape design.